✶注意！ 手机可能正在听你说话 Are Phones Listening to What We Say?
Are Phones Listening to What We Say?
#阅读测验 #科学·科技 #时事
2/9 解析英语
作者 Marcus Aurelius Maurice
阅读时间 5分钟
听讲解 听朗读
本图文出处:
https://www.ivy.com.tw/newsLetter/an...101311441263096注意！ 手机可能正在听你说话 Are Phones Listening to What We Say?
目录 / More to Learn / Grammar Tips / 中文翻译(& 答案)
阅读测验
If you own a smartphone, there is a good chance that it listens to you. It also collects the data that you talk about and spits it out in advertising. In recent years, modern phones have transformed into virtual assistants, starting with Siri in 2011, and closely followed by Google Assistant and Alexa. These virtual assistants can carry out tasks by simply listening to anyone’s voice commands. If you want to hear a song, you just need to activate Siri by saying “Hey” and “Siri” and then request, “Play some music.” Likewise, if you want to order pizza, it’s as simple as calling her name first, and then saying, “Call Ivy Pizza House.”
The scary and weird part of this technology is when people discuss specific items, those very items later appear in many advertisements. For example, a man and a woman were recently discussing “harem pants” without doing a Google search or directly asking Google Assistant. Instead, they were merely having a conversation near their phones. However, the next time they went online, they noticed that ads for harem pants started appearing in their social media feeds. Much like cookies that track all our online activities, smartphones are always listening to collect data and share it with companies that want to market their products.
No matter how strange or wrong this may seem, it is legal. When anyone signs up for websites or new products, they always have to agree to certain terms and conditions that they seldom take the time to read. In the fine print, by clicking “agree,” people give consent for their phones to listen to them. While this can be changed in the phone’s settings, doing so might make listening to music or ordering a pizza a bit more complicated.
1. According to the passage, what steps should you take to have Siri set an alarm clock at 9:30 p.m. for you?
a. Type “Set an alarm at 9:30 p.m.” in the search bar.
b. Say “Set an alarm at 9:30 p.m.”
c. Turn on the clock app on your phone.
d. Wake it up by saying, “Hey” and “Siri.”
(A) b → c (B) d → b (C) c → a (D) d → a
2. How did the man and the woman mentioned in the passage come across advertising for harem pants?
(A) They wrote posts about harem pants on their social media accounts.
(B) They searched for harem pants on Google.
(C) They ordered some harem pants online.
(D) They simply talked about harem pants.
3. Why is it NOT against the law for smartphones to listen to users and collect data, according to the passage?
(A) Users have to press “agree” to use their phones to make calls.
(B) Users have accepted some terms that allow them to do so.
(C) Users get paid by letting them listen to everything they say.
(D) Users can ask them to delete their data.
4. What is implied in the passage if a person changes smartphone settings to prevent data collection?
(A) They won’t get to enjoy quick access to other services.
(B) They won’t be able to brows any online advertisements.
(C) Their personal information might be stolen more easily.
(D) Their internet browsing speed will be slower.
答案： 1 B 2 D 3 B 4 A
单字片语整理
Words in Use
●
market [ˋmɑrkɪt]
n. 市场
vt. 行销
●
cookie [ˈkʊki]
n. （甜）饼干〔美〕
●
feed [fid]
vi. 以……为食
n. 饲料（不可数）
vt. 喂食
●
command [kəˋmænd]
vt. 命令 & n. 命令；（语言等）掌握，精通
●
condition [kənˋdɪʃən]
vt. （经历或环境）影响，使习惯于
n. 状况；条件
●
legal [ˋlig!]
adj. 与法律相关的；合法的
●
specific [spɪˋsɪfɪk]
a. 特定的；特有的（与介词 to 并用）；明确的
●
setting [ˋsɛtɪŋ]
n. 环境；背景
●
consent [kənˋsɛnt]
vi. & n. 同意(作名词时不可数)
●
likewise [ˋlaɪk͵waɪz]
adv. 同样地，相似地，也
●
browse [braʊz]
vt. 浏览 (网页)
vi. & vt. & n. 随便看看
●
advertising [ˋædvɚ͵taɪzɪŋ]
n. 广告
●
advertisement [͵ædvɚˋtaɪzmənt]
n. 广告（可数，常缩写成 ad [ Ad ]）
●
merely [ˋmɪrlɪ]
adv. 仅仅
●
the fine print
（正式合约中用较小的字体印刷、可 能对签署者不利且易被忽略的）附属细则
●
activate [ˋæktə͵vet]
vt. 启动，启用
Practical Phrases
●
sign up for... 注册……，报名……
I’m going to sign up for a course on English literature this semester.
这学期我准备选修一门英国文学课程。
I’m planning to sign up for that course this semester.
我这学期计划要修那门课。
●
carry out... / carry... out 执行……
To carry out the plan, we need at least another $50,000.
为了要执行这个计画，我们至少需要再追加 5 万美元。
●
agree to + N 赞成（提案）
My parents didn’t agree to our plan.
我父母亲不赞成我们的计画。
●
harem pants 哈伦裤（是一种来自保守的穆斯林妇 女的服装，这种裤子的名称来源于伊斯兰辞汇「哈伦」）
●
spit... out / spit out... （程式等）产出⋯⋯；（人）说出⋯⋯
The software analyzes user preferences and spits out personalized recommendations for online shopping.
这个软体会分析使用者偏好，并产出针对网路购物的个人化推荐。
●
a virtual assistant 虚拟助理
You can take a virtual tour of the museum on its website.
你可以在该博物馆的网站上来一场虚拟导览。
More to Learn
there is a good chance + (that) 子句 很有可能⋯⋯
= (the) chances are + (that) 子句
• There is a good chance I’ll have this project finished by tomorrow.
我很有可能会在明天以前完成这个专案。
以下介绍其他表「可能⋯⋯」的句型：
a. (the) odds are + (that) 子句
• The odds are that Al will mess his life up again.
艾尔很可能又会搞砸他的人生。
b. it is likely + (that) 子句
• It is likely that the company will be bought out by its biggest rival.
这间公司有可能会被它最大的竞争对手并购。
c. it is possible + (that) 子句
• It is possible that I’ll have time to get groceries on my way home from work.
我下班回家的路上可能有时间去买些杂货。
d. it is probable + (that) 子句
• It is probable that all the stores will be closed today because of the typhoon.
所有商店今天都很可能因为台风而不会营业。
Grammar Tips
No matter how strange or wrong this may seem, it is legal.
介绍「no matter + 疑问词」的用法
表「不管／不论⋯⋯」的副词连接词，可用「no matter + 疑问词」来表示，常见的有下列：
※ no matter how = however 不管／不论如何
注意
no matter how 所引导的副词子句可修饰动词、形容词或副词，且当其修饰形容词或副词时，须将该形容词或副词往前移位，置于 how 之后，使 how 直接修饰该形容词或副词。（本文即为此用法）
• No matter how angry you get, you can never treat your friends like that.
不管多么生气，你都不能那样对待朋友。
• No matter how hard you beg, Dad won’t give you any more money.
不管你多努力哀求，老爸是不会多给你钱的。
※ no matter where = wherever 不管／不论何处
• No matter where you go, be sure to keep in contact with me.
不论你去哪，务必和我保持联络。
※ no matter when = whenever 不管／不论何时
• No matter when you see Peter, he is busy working.
不论你何时见到彼得，他都在忙着工作。
※ no matter what = whatever 不管／不论什么
• No matter what happens, I’ll support you.
不论发生什么事，我都会支持你。
※ no matter who = whoever 不管／不论谁
• No matter who comes into the store, you must be polite to them.
不管谁走进店里，你都一定要对他们有礼。
精选试题
The party starts at 18:30, but guests can have dinner no matter _____ they arrive.
(A) where (B) how (C) when (D) what
答案：C
中文翻译(& 答案)
如果你有一支智慧型手机，那么它很有可能会听你说话。它也会搜集你谈到的资料，并且以广告的方式再产出那些资料。近年来，现代的手机已转变为虚拟助理，一切都从 2011 年的 Siri 开始，紧接着是 Google 助理和 Alexa（编按：Siri、Google Assistant 及 Alexa 分别为 Apple、Google 和亚马逊所开发 的虚拟助理）。这些虚拟助理仅须透过听从任何人的语音指令，就能执行任务。如果你想要播一首歌，你只需要说：「嘿」跟「Siri」来启动 Siri，接着要求它：「播一些音乐。」同样地，如果你想要订披萨，很简单，你只要先叫她的名字，然后说：「打电话给 Ivy 披萨屋。」
这种科技可怕又古怪的部分是，当人们讨论特定物品时，那些物品之后就会出现在许多广告中。举例来说，有一名男子和一名女子最近在讨论「哈伦裤」，他们没有上 Google 搜寻，或直接询问 Google 助理。相反地，他们仅仅是在他们手机附近谈话
而已。然而，当他们下一次上网时，他们注意到哈伦裤的广告开始出现在他们社群媒体的动态里。就很像追踪我们所有网路活动的 cookie，智慧型手机也总是在聆听以搜集资料，并将其分享给想要推销自家产品的公司。
不论这看起来有多奇怪或不对，它是合法的。当任何人要在网站上注册、或是为新产品注册时，他们总是会同意一些他们很少会花时间阅读的条款。在这些附属的细则中，人们按下「同意」后，就允许他们的手机听他们说话。虽然这可以在手机的设
定中更改，但这么做的话，就会让听音乐或订披萨变得更复杂一点。
1. 根据本文，你应该要采取什么步骤，来让 Siri 替你设定一个晚上九点半的闹钟呢？
a. 在搜寻栏打上「设一个晚上九点半的闹钟」。 b. 说「设一个晚上九点半的闹钟」。
c. 打开你手机上的时钟应用程式。 d. 说「嘿」和「Siri」来唤醒 Siri。
(A) b → c (B) d → b (C) c → a (D) d → a
题解: 第一段提到，如果你想要播一首歌，你只需要说：「嘿，Siri」来启动 Siri，接着再说出要它播放歌曲的指令，可知若要设定闹钟，应先执行 d，唤醒 Siri 后再执行 b，故答案选 (B)。
2. 文中提到的男女是如何看到哈伦裤的广告的？
(A) 他们在自己的社群媒体帐号上写了哈伦裤的贴文。 (B) 他们在 Google 上搜寻哈伦裤。
(C) 他们在网路上订了一些哈伦裤。 (D) 他们就只是谈论到哈伦裤而已。
3. 根据本文，为什么智慧型手机听使用者说话并搜集资料是没有违法的？
(A) 使用者必须按下「同意」才能用手机打电话。 (B) 使用者曾接受让它们这么做的一些条款。
(C) 使用者透过让它们听自己说的一切来收钱。 (D) 使用者能要求它们删除资料。
4. 本文中暗示了若一个人改变智慧型手机的设定以避免资料搜集的话，会发生什么事？
(A) 他们就无法享受快速执行其他的服务。 (B) 他们就无法浏览任何线上广告。
(C) 他们的个资可能更容易被窃取。 (D) 他们的网路浏览速度会变得比较慢。
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