NFT:数位艺术新浪潮 NFTs: Exciting Yet Controversial Digital Artworks
「NFT」代表的是什么? 答案是「non-fungible token(非同质化代币)」。
作者 Mark Darvill
本图文出处
https://www.ivy.com.tw/newsLetter/an...062414014369639MP3
https://www.dropbox.com/s/1m5g8097ckud9bd/NFT%E6%95%B8%E4%BD%...0%E6%B5%AA%E6%BD%AE.rar?dl=0目录 / More to Learn / Grammar Tips / 中文翻译(& 答案)
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If you’re someone interested in the world of modern technology, you’ve probably heard of and have a basic knowledge of NFTs. However, among the general public, the world of NFTs remains something of a mystery. Today, we attempt to explain in the most basic possible terms what NFTs are and why they’re so popular.
Let’s deal with the simplest question first: What does “NFT” stand for? The answer is “non-fungible token.” Basically, an NFT is a type of digital certificate that ensures ownership of a digital item. Any unique piece of digital art, whether a JPG, a GIF, a wav, an MP3, or any other file type, can be stored as an NFT using blockchain technology—the same type of technology used to store cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin. However, an NFT differs from a unit of a cryptocurrency in that its data are unique and cannot be altered. This uniqueness proves a person’s ownership of an NFT. In this sense, NFTs are much like physical artworks; they hold value and can be bought and sold. Moreover, while an NFT item can be reproduced infinitely, there’s only one original NFT of that digital item and a corresponding owner.
The world’s first NFT, a video clip that was eventually sold by its creator for US$4, was created back in 2014. However, NFTs did not start growing significantly in popularity until 2020. Then, in 2021, NFT trading skyrocketed, with the total trade figure exceeding US$17 billion that year.
NFTs are no stranger to controversy. They have been criticized for the high carbon footprint that comes with the blockchain technology they use and also for their involvement in a number of art-related scams. Nevertheless, recent NFT trading activity suggests that they are here to stay as a powerful player in the global economy.
1. Why is Bitcoin mentioned in the passage?
(A) It is an example of an NFT.
(B) It explains how NFTs are created.
(C) It is what is used to purchase NFTs.
(D) It shares the same technology with NFTs.
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true about NFTs?
(A) Ownership of NFTs is recorded on the internet.
(B) NFTs only exist in the digital world and can’t be changed.
(C) Digital data that can be stored as NFTs are limited to works of art.
(D) Anyone can make a copy of an NFT image, but there is only one official owner.
3. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “skyrocketed” in the third paragraph?
(A) Was copied repeatedly.
(B) Increased very rapidly.
(C) Became well known.
(D) Traveled into outer space.
4. Which of the following statements regarding NFTs can be inferred from the last paragraph?
(A) They have a huge impact on the environment.
(B) They will likely fall out of favor soon.
(C) They bring more good than bad.
(D) They can be used to stop crime.
答案:1.D 2.C 3.B 4.A
单字片语整理
Words in Use
●
involvement [ɪnˋvɑlvmənt]
n. 牵涉(不可数)
●
alter [ˋɔltɚ]
vt. 修改(衣服)
vt. & vi. 改变
●
exceed [ɪkˋsid]
vt. 超过
●
controversy [ˋkɑntrə͵vɝsɪ]
n. 争议
●
controversial [͵kɑntrəˋvɝʃəl]
a. 有争议的
●
certificate [sɚˋtɪfəkət]
n. 证明 ; 证书
●
token [ˋtokən]
vt. . 代币;(情感的)表示
●
reproduce [͵riprəˋd(j)us]
vi. & vt. 生殖,繁殖
vt. 复制,翻印
●
ownership [ˋonɚ͵ʃɪp]
n. 所有权
●
significantly [sɪgˋnɪfəkəntlɪ]
adv. 显着地
●
artwork [ˋɑrt͵wɝk]
n. 艺术品
●
uniqueness [juˋniknɪs]
n. 独特性
●
infinitely [ˋɪnfənɪtlɪ]
adv. 无限地
●
corresponding [͵kɔrɪˋspɑndɪŋ]
a. 相应的
●
skyrocket [ˋskaɪ͵rɑkɪt]
vi. 飙涨
●
fungible [ˋfʌndʒəb!]
a. 同质的,易于(与同类或同价物品)交换(或交易)的
●
blockchain [ˈblɒktʃeɪn]
n. 区块链
●
cryptocurrency [ `krIpto:kRJnsI ]
n. 加密货币
●
scam [ˋskæm]
n. 诈骗,骗局
●
fall out of favor
不再受欢迎
●
JPG
一种图片档格式(最常被用来储存和传输相片的格式)
●
GIF
图像互换格式(动图的档案格式)
Practical Phrases
●
something of a+ N 多少有点⋯⋯,颇有几分⋯⋯
After receiving the award, Mike found himself something of a celebrity.
在获得该奖后,麦克发现自己多少有点像名人。
●
In this sense, S + V 就这种意义来说,⋯⋯
The man saved the family from the house on fire. In this sense, he deserves a medal.
那名男子从着火的房子中救出了那一家人。就此意义上来说,他值得获颁一枚勋章。
●
be no stranger to N 对⋯⋯不陌生/司空见惯
Mary is no stranger to hard times because she came from a life of poverty.
玛丽出身清寒,所以对苦日子早已司空见惯。
●
be here to stay (某物)大幅流行/被广泛使用
Smartphones are here to stay because they improve people’s lives.
智慧型手机因改善了人们的生活而被广泛使用。
More to Learn
in the most basic possible terms 用最基本的话来说
• During the class, the professor explained the theory in the most basic possible terms.
教授在课堂上以最基本的话来解释这个理论。
the most basic possible 意思是「最基本的」,用法如下:
the + 最高级形容词 + possible 最⋯⋯的
• The worst possible thing that can happen while you’re skydiving is for your parachute not to open.
在高空跳伞时可能会发生的最坏情况就是你的降落伞打 不开。
“in + Adj. + terms” 可以指「用......(的话)来说」 或「从......方面∕角度来说」,在此片语中,terms 恒用复数。以下介绍常见的搭配用法:
a. in simple terms 用简单的话说
in broad terms 广义而言;粗略地说
in general terms 一般而言
in practical terms 就现实来说,实际上
• Tyson is most famous for his love of science and ability to explain complex ideas in simple terms.
泰森最为人所知的是他对科学的热爱,以及他能够 以简单的话来解释复杂想法。
• In practical terms, a job with a higher salary is what you need now.
就现实来说,你现在正需要的是一份薪水较高的工作。
b. in military / financial / economic / political / artistic terms 从军事/财政/经济/政治/艺术角度来说
• In military terms, the US is one of the best.
从军事角度来说,美国是最棒的其中一个。
• In artistic terms, the painter’s use of color is beyond compare.
以艺术的观点来看,这名画家的用色无人能及。
Grammar Tips
Let’s deal with the simplest question first: What does “NFT” stand for?
... can be stored as an NFT using blockchain technology—the same type of technology...
In this sense, NFTs are much like physical artworks; they hold value and can be bought and sold.
介绍三个「连接符号」的用法
常用来连接两句的标点符号有三个:
冒号(:)、长划符号(—)、分号(;)
※ 冒号:后面可以是单词、片语或完整的句子。
a. 用来介绍一个或多个项目。
• All our drinks come in three sizes: small, medium, and large. 我们所有饮品都有三种大小:小杯、中杯和大杯。
b. 用来分隔两个独立的子句,用来强调、说明、改写 或延伸前面的句子,如上方第一句的用法。
• There is only one goal of this meeting: We have to decide on our new logo.
这场会议只有一个目标:我们必须决定新的商标。
※ 长划符号:用于连接句子或同位语。
a. 连接句子时,用来强调或补充第一个子句的意思。
• That part of the form is for US citizens—it doesn’t apply to you.
表格的那个部分是给美国公民填的 ── 你不适用。
b. 连接同位语,如上方第二句用法。
• Tiffany is going on a business trip to two cities in China—Beijing and Shanghai.
蒂芬妮正到中国的两座城市出差 ── 北京和上海。
※ 分号:此类符号在文章中较常出现。
a. 等于「逗点 + 连接词(and、so、but...)」,如上方第三句用法。
• Don’t wake the baby up; let him sleep.
别叫醒宝宝;让他睡吧。
b. 陈列多个或一系列不同项目,且项目中包含逗号或 项目相对长且性质较复杂时,可用分号取代逗点。
• There are many natural wonders around the world: the Great Blue Hole, Belize; Giant’s Causeway, Northern Ireland; the Great Barrier Reef, Australia; and Mount Everest, Nepal.
世界上有许多自然奇观:贝里斯大蓝洞、北爱尔兰巨人堤道、澳洲大堡礁,以及尼泊尔圣母峰。
精选试题
The television is too noisy _____ turn it down.
(A) ,
(B) :
(C) ;
(D) — so
答案:C
中文翻译(& 答案)
NFT : 数位艺术新浪潮
如果你是一个对现代科技世界有兴趣的人,那你或许听 过 NFT,也可能对它有基本的认识。然而,在普罗大众之 间,NFT 的世界仍多少有些神秘。今天,我们就试着以最基 本的话来解释 NFT 是什么,以及它们为何如此受欢迎。
我们先来处理最简单的问题:「NFT」代表的是什么? 答案是「non-fungible token(非同质化代币)」。基本上, NFT 是一种数位凭证,确保某个数位物品的所有权。任何 特别的数位艺术 ─ 不论是 JPG 档、GIF 档、WAV 档、 MP3 档或任何其他类型的档案,都能够使用区块链来将其 储存为NFT,而区块链和用来储存如比特币等加密货币的技 术是同类型的科技。然而,NFT 与加密货币不同的地方在 于,其资料是独有的,且无法被修改。这种独有性证明了一 个人对某个 NFT 的所有权。在这个层面上,NFT 就更像是 实体的艺术作品;它们有价值、可以被买卖。再者,虽然一 个NFT 物件可以被无限复制,但该数位物件的原始 NFT 只 有一份,且只有一位相应的拥有者。
世上首个 NFT 于 2014 年创造,是一支其创造者最终 以四美元价格售出的影片。然而,NFT 一直到 2020 年才大 幅爆红。接着于 2021 年,NFT交易量大增,当年交易总金 额超过一百七十亿美元。
NFT 的争议也没少过。一直以来,它们都以所使用的区 块链科技所带来的高碳足迹、以及它们涉及数起和艺术相关 的诈骗而饱受批评。然而,近期NFT 交易活动显示出它们 会以身为全球经济中的重要角色而流行着。
1. 为何本文提及比特币?
(A) 它是 NFT 的一个例子。
(B) 它解释了 NFT 是如何创造出来的。
(C) 它被用来购买 NFT。
(D) 它与 NFT 使用相同科技。
2. 下列关于 NFT 的叙述何者错误?
(A) NFT 的所有权记录在网路上。
(B) NFT 只存在于数位世界,且不能被更改。
(C) 能够被储存为 NFT 的数位资料仅限于艺术作品。
(D) 每个人都可以复制一张 NFT 的图像,但只有一个正式的拥有者。
3. 下列何者最接近第三段 “skyrocketed” 一字的意思?
(A) 一再被复制。
(B) 增加得十分迅速。
(C) 变得很有名。
(D) 旅行到外太空。
4. 从本文最后一段可推测出下列何者关于 NFT 的叙述?
(A) 它们对于环境有很大的影响。
(B) 它们可能很快就不受欢迎了。
(C) 它们带来的好处比坏处更多。
(D) 它们可以被用来阻止犯罪。